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Cyber Safety Glossary

report fraud Phishing

Also Known As:
Brand spoofing, Carding.


Description:
Phishing refers to the process of imitating legitimate companies in emails or creating fake Web sites designed to look like a legitimate Web site in order to entice users to share their passwords, credit card numbers, and other personal information. The perpetrator then uses the information to steal the target's identity or to sell that identity to others. Users need to be educated not to give away personal information in response to an unsolicited email.

One of the newest Phishing schemes is to send a fraudulent text message to a cell phone user. The concept is the same; someone is trying to obtain sensitive information.


How to Recognize This Threat:
Official looking and sounding messages that urge immediate action to update sensitive financial and identity information.


What Should I Do:
Avoid clicking on a link within the text of a suspect email. Avoid responding to a cell phone text message that urges immediate action or requests you to update sensitive personal information. Delete the message immediately from the Inbox, the Trash box, and/or from your cell phone. If you are concerned that the message may be real, then open your Web browser and type in the URL of the site that you wish to visit. If you have up-to-date anti-virus software, which helps guard against Pharming (see Pharming), this procedure should take you to the legitimate site. You can also call the company customer service department, using a telephone number on a bill or other paper-based documentation from that company. There are also mutual authentication technologies available that allow you to verify that the sender is legitimate and trusted.


» Phishing scam example 1

» Phishing scam example 2

Select a Term

Adware  
  Annoying pop-up and banner ads? System slowdowns? Your computer may be infected with Adware
Bots & Botnets  
  Hackers use bot programs for theft, fraud, and denial-of-service attacks on Web sites
Browser Highjacking  
  Malware used by hackers to direct your computer to their websites, regardless of the address you entered.
Cookies  
  A Web page that welcomes you by name uses cookies
Counterfeit Products  
 

Businesses rely on what is called a digital signature to recognize their customers

Digital Signatures  
 

Businesses rely on what is called a digital signature to recognize their customers

Extortionware  
 

A software program that encrypts essential personal files - taking them hostage and demanding money for their safe return

Keylogger  
  Hackers illegally use software keyloggers to identify their victims’ computer passwords, login names, bank account and credit card numbers
Malware  
  Any software program developed for the purpose of doing harm to a computer system or to create mischief
Man-in-the-Middle Attack  
  Cyber criminals eavesdrop on electronic communication between a consumer and a legitimate organization
Nigerian Scam  
  Unsolicited email messages from a stranger who promises great wealth — a get-rich-quick scheme
P2P File Sharing  
  Peer-to-peer file sharing is very popular on the Internet, but it can also lead to virus infections and a host of other problems
Pharming  
  A technically sophisticated scam designed to trick individuals into disclosing sensitive information such as bank account, credit card, and Social Security numbers
Phishing  
  Official looking and sounding messages that urge immediate action to update sensitive financial and identity information
SMishing  
  Designed to trick you into divulging identity information, SMishing is Phishing over cell phones and other mobile devices.
Social Engineering Scams  
  A scam that preys upon our acceptance of authority and willingness to cooperate with others
Social Networking Sites  
  Never under any circumstances should your child or young teenager agree to meet in person someone from one of these sites
Software Piracy  
  The illegal use and/or distribution of software protected under intellectual property laws
Spam  
  The cyber equivalent to junk mail – spammers have developed many ways of obtaining email addresses
Spim  
  Unsolicited product or service advertisements that appear as instant messages
Sping  
  Spam from a fake blog tricking the unwary into visiting
Spit  
  A spam campaign against VOIP voicemail
Splog  
  A spam campaign directed against blogs
Spoofing  
  A criminal pretends to be a business or organization in order to gain access to a computer user’s sensitive information such as bank account, credit card, or Social Security numbers
Spy-Phishing  
  In a successful Spy-Phishing attack, a Trojan and/or Spyware is downloaded onto your computer from a Phishing message.
Stealth, Polymorphic, and Armored viruses
  These viruses hide, copy, or “armor” themselves in an attempt to avoid detection and removal from a computer.
Bots & Botnets  
  Hackers use bot programs for theft, fraud, and denial-of-service attacks on Web sites
Trojan Horses  
  Files or software programs that appear to be legitimate, but once installed can cause havoc
Viruses  
  Malicious programs or codes inserted into computer systems without the user’s permission
Warez Sites  
  Any site that hosts pirated software
Worms  
  These malicious software programs spread automatically from computer to computer
Zombie Drones  
  Personal computers secretly under the control of hackers
   
   



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